A computer network is a system in which multiple
computers are connected to each other to share information and resources.
Characteristics of a
Computer Network
· Share
resources from one computer to another.
· Create
files and store them in one computer, access those files from the other
computer(s) connected over the network.
· Connect
a printer, scanner, or a fax machine to one computer within the network and let
other computers of the network use the machines available over the network.
Following is the list of hardware's required to set up a
computer network.
- Network Cables
- Distributors
- Routers
- Internal
Network Cards
- External
Network Cards
Network Cables
Network cables are used to connect computers. The most commonly
used cable is Category 5 cable RJ-45.
Distributors
A computer can be connected to another one via a serial port but
if we need to connect many computers to produce a network, this serial
connection will not work.
The solution is to use a central body to which other computers,
printers, scanners, etc. can be connected and then this body will manage or
distribute network traffic.
Router
A router is a type of device which acts as the central point
among computers and other devices that are a part of the network. It is equipped
with holes called ports. Computers and other devices are connected to a router
using network cables. Now-a-days router comes in wireless modes using which
computers can be connected without any physical cable.
Network Card
Network card is a necessary component of a computer without
which a computer cannot be connected over a network. It is also known as the
network adapter or Network Interface Card (NIC). Most branded computers have
network card pre-installed. Network cards are of two types: Internal and
External Network Cards.
Internal Network Cards
Motherboard has a slot for internal network card where it is to
be inserted. Internal network cards are of two types in which the first type
uses Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) connection, while the second type
uses Industry Standard Architecture (ISA). Network cables are required to
provide network access.
External Network Cards
External network cards are of two types: Wireless and USB based.
Wireless network card needs to be inserted into the motherboard, however no
network cable is required to connect to the network.
Universal Serial Bus
(USB)
USB card is easy to use and connects via USB port. Computers
automatically detect USB card and can install the drivers required to support
the USB network card automatically.
